Thornton is in the heart the National Forest and Charnwood Forest and is the central hub between three of Leicestershire’s most popular beauty spots; Thornton reservoir, Bagworth Heath and Ratby Burroughs; all outstanding areas of natural beauty and teeming with wildlife; hundreds of walkers and cyclists visit the area on a daily basis.

Bagworth & Thornton | NatureSpot

https://www.lrwt.org.uk (Leicester and Rutland Wildlife Trust)

THORNTON  NATURE  NOTES

Warmer weather at last.

As April advanced passage birds and summer visitors continued to appear. On April 12^th a Redshank was on the dam and the following day five Common Sandpipers were seen. Butterfly species new for the year included Green Veined White and Holly Blue, and a colony of Grey Haired Mining Bee was discovered on a path.

A hail storm on the 15^th may have been the reason for a Kittiwake making a brief stop on the reservoir, and the following day a single Sandwich Tern flew through. This purple patch continued with a female Marsh Harrier flying north east, and a White Wagtail at the Outflow, both on the 17^th.

Two Black Tailed Godwits flew North West on the 20^th and my first Swift of the year was on the 22^nd.

The highlight of the year to date was a very lucky sighting on the 26^th, and thanks mainly to the birding grapevine. A White Stork was reported over Cropston Reservoir and then over a Groby garden. This had Dave Wright and I scanning the skies to the east of the village. Fortunately we were able to connect with the Stork as it circled high to the east, a Thornton and garden tick!

Early May is always a peak time for the arrival of summer visitors and a Garden Warbler in full song was a treat on the 1^st. My first Cuckoo of the year was seen on the 4^th and probably a female as it was not calling and being mobbed. On the same date a Hobby flew low over the reservoir, scattering the hirundines.

An elegant Greenshank graced the dam on the 6^th and a single Yellow Wagtail was seen. On the following day at least two Reed Warblers were singing from a small area of Phragmities at a local site.

Potentially my non bird highlight of the year was on May 9^th when a Grass Snake was seen. It was approximately 40 cm long and is the first reptile that I have seen on the local Patch and in an area of ideal habitat.

May 10^th was a double dip day as I missed the two Oyster Catchers reported by Dave Wright, but worse was to come as I slept through the Aurora of that night. Slight compensation was in the form of a single Arctic Tern that headed North West on the 12^th.

Andy Smith 13/05/2024

Spring migrants met by changeable weather.

Changeable weather and frequent heavy rain was the norm as bird migration entered a busy phase. A male Goosander was a brief visitor on March 11^th and a Curlew was calling on the following day. Large flocks of winter thrushes were clearing out to the east on the 13^th, to be replaced by summer visitors in the form of two Sand Martins on the 14^th.

Milder weather on March 15^th had both Brimstone and Small Tortoiseshell butterflies on the wing and four mad March Hares below the dam. A male Blackcap was singing on the 19^th and a female Marsh Harrier drifted north east on the 21^st.

A highlight of the year arrived on March 22^nd, when Dave Wright spotted four Common Cranes flying high over the reservoir. A brilliant observation while hanging out the washing!

My first Swallow of the year was seen on the 23^rd, looking rather forlorn in a bitterly cold wind. On March 25^th things seemed to appear in pairs, with two pairs of Teal, two Snipe, two Red Kite and two Green Woodpeckers. All signs of potential future breeding.

As March came to a close Willow Warbler was added to the year list and Comma and Peacock butterflies were recorded.

April has arrived with both Kathleen and then Pierrick delivering stormy weather to the UK. Despite the inclement weather Orange Tip, and Small and Large White butterflies have been on the wing.

On April 7^th House Martin, Little Ringed Plover and Common Sandpiper were new in with two of the latter on the dam. Hirundine numbers were also increasing with 28 Sand Martins, seven Swallows and two House Martins feeding over the reservoir.

On the 8^th a pair of Shelduck were mid reservoir and a Peregrine was a fly over. Two Kingfishers were perched together at the Top End on April 9^th and I suspect that a breeding attempt is likely.

As I write up these notes a blustery squall is in progress, but despite this summer visitors are arriving. A male Whitethroat was the latest addition to the year list which has now reached 100. Temperatures are set to rise and I am hoping that calmer weather will encourage a good breeding season for our local bird population. We can all play our part by avoiding cutting back hedges, keeping dogs out of the reservoir margins and keeping the cat well fed.

Andy Smith 10/04/2024

Kingfisher at Thornton Reservoir

Easterlies deliver passage migrant treats

As we approach early spring I look forward to the arrival of summer visitors. However, if wind directions are from the east the chances of passage migrants lingering are increased. This is certainly the weather conditions as I write this edition.
On February 9th Lapwing numbers had increased to 58 and on the 11th I completed the Webs count. Totals included 153 Mallard, 55 Coot, 41 Tufted Duck and 35 Moorhen. Water Rail, Snipe and Kingfisher were also noted.
My first Reed Bunting of the year was seen on the 14th and a Pipistrelle bat was out early. A Stonechat was in the field opposite the nursery where there is a wonderful area of brambles. Perfect habitat for breeding birds and small mammals.
The highlight at the end of February was a full adult Mediterranean Gull near the fishing lodge. Other species recorded at the end of the month included a pair of Shoveler, two male Mandarins and seven Snipe at the Top End. My first warblers arrived on the 29th with two Chiffchaff below the dam.
March has commenced with generally cold and wet weather. On March 3rd I noted my first frog spawn in the pond and on the 4th two pairs of Lapwing were displaying. There were also 42 Wigeon and six Buzzards seen. On the 5th 24 Pied Wagtail flew north and two Raven headed south.
On March 6th Wigeon had increased to 48 and a flock of 55 Stock Dove was a good local count.
As the bitter easterly winds persisted even five layers of clothing seemed inadequate as I scanned the dam for something other than hunkered down Lapwings. On March 7th I was rewarded with an elegant Avocet. This is only the second record I have of this species at Thornton, the last being on April 2nd 2009. Later on four Little Gulls graced the reservoir, before continuing their migration to breeding grounds in Scandinavia, Poland and Russia.
Having just completed the final Webs count I am writing these notes as a strong northerly breeze blows rain against the windows. Totals included 93 Mallard, 37 Coot, 34 Moorhen and 29 Tufted Duck. Other species seen included Gadwall, Teal, Mandarin, Heron and Grey Wagtail. I also noted my first Linnet of the year. A pair were with ten Meadow Pipits and two Skylarks feeding on the stubble at the Top End.

Andy Smith 10/03/2024

Jack Frost!

Cold and often frosty weather was a feature of early January. Species seen included Wigeon, Mandarin, Gadwall, Lapwing and Snipe. On the 13^th an Egyptian Goose flew west and flocks of Lesser Redpoll and Siskin were noted.

The January Webs count took place on the 14^th. Totals included 128 Mallard, 57 Wigeon, 62 Greylag, 44 Canada Geese, 41 Coot, 39 Moorhen and 28 Tufted Duck. Kingfisher, Grey Wagtail and Water Rail were also recorded.

The highlight of the year so far was a Jack Snipe found feeding with the Common Snipe at the Top End. This small Snipe species is a winter visitor from Scandinavia and Russia. It is cryptically plumaged and very hard to see. Unlike Common Snipe it will only flush if almost trodden on, when it will fly up briefly before dropping into cover. The most bizarre behaviour is that Jack Snipe have a bouncy action when feeding, which is rather comical. Other characteristics are a shorter bill and no central pale crown stipe.

The Jack Snipe bobbing up and down to attract the worms. Copyright Andy Smith.

With temperatures dropping parts of the reservoir were frozen and wildfowl numbers increased. Totals included 32 Pochard, 77 Wigeon and 62 Lapwing. A Red Kite was also seen on several days.

Dave Wright and I completed the National Gull roost survey on January 21^st. This is completed at dusk and the aim is to count all the gull species that remain to roost on the water body. Some sites have thousands of gulls of many species roosting and it is a demanding task to accurately count all the birds. I can confidently state that our count was 100% accurate, with four Black Headed gulls recorded! There have been gull roosts at Thornton in the past, but now all the gulls depart to the north east and we suspect that they roost at Swithland reservoir.

As January drew to a close new species recorded included Yellowhammer, Skylark, Great White Egret and on the final day a single Shelduck.

February has commenced with mild and often wet weather. On the 2^nd two Yellow Legged Gulls were a good find by DW. Also On this date Treecreeper and a Brimstone Butterfly were seen.

On February 3^rd a flock of 60 Redwing were heading north east, no doubt a heads up that my next nature notes will have a spring migration flavour to it.

Andy Smith 09/02/2024

The best comes last!

November continued with generally mild weather and on the 13^th two Red Admirals were on the wing. Starling, Fieldfare and Wigeon were also arriving and four Snipe were at the Top End. A male Goosander was seen on the 16^th and this was followed by a female Goldeneye on the following day.

The November Webs count took place on the 19^th. Totals included 257 Mallard, 31 Coot and 26 Moorhen. I eventually managed to add Woodcock to the year list, with one flushed in Thornton Wood. An unusual sight on the 26^th was a Lesser Black Backed Gull on the pontoon eating a Mole.

A hard frost marked the start of December and although a pair of Pintail were seen, there was now a lull in notable sightings. However, this dramatically changed on the 14^th, when the bird of the year made an appearance. I always check the flocks of Tufted Duck hoping for a Scaup. As I scanned through the flock I noticed a larger all dark bird resembling a Scoter, but this bird had a white cheek and ear patch. It was a juvenile/female Velvet Scoter and a new Thornton Patch tick for me. I also believe that it is only the second record of this species for the reservoir, the last being two females on November 13^th 1971. There has been a long staying juvenile Velvet Scoter at Swithland Reservoir this winter, and photographs seem to suggest that it was this bird that paid us a visit.

Please note the cloud formation shown in the gallery is a ‘Nacreous Cloud’ which according to the Met Office form in the lower stratosphere over polar regions when the Sun is just below the horizon. The clouds are illuminated from below and often glow in vivid colours.

Also note that the top left photograph is that of a pale buzzard – not mentioned elsewhere in the ‘write up’.

Another highlight, although not quite on my Thornton Patch was a flock of 20 Waxwings at Bagworth on December 16^th. We are experiencing an invasion year, so keep a watch on those berry trees, especially Rowans.

The December Webs took place on the 17^th. Totals included 112 Mallard, 52 Coot, 33 Tufted Duck and 29 Moorhen.

The final treat of the year was on December 29^th when a flock of six Redshank were on the dam. My final species total for 2023 was 126.

I welcomed 2024 with my traditional New Year’s Day bird count and was pleased to add Snipe, Woodcock and Water Rail. The highlight to date has been a flock of 20 Whooper Swans that flew west on the 7^th. There has also been a report of a Ring Necked Parakeet, so watch your bird feeders for this exotic introduced resident, which would certainly brighten up a dull day.

Andy Smith 09/01/2024

Winter Visitors.

October weather has been at times very stormy, with a series of depressions feeding in from the west. These conditions have influenced the seasonal migration of bird species. Many have been held back for a time and then moved en masse.

On October 12^th a flock of 17 Barnacle geese were circling the reservoir. These may have been genuine migrants from the north or part of the UK feral populations. Also on this date a group of eight Dunnocks were an unusual sight.

A Peregrine was being mobbed by two Sparrowhawks on the 13^th and two Chiffchaff were also noted. Sunny weather on the 14^th had both Painted Lady and Hummingbird Hawk Moth on the wing.

The second Webs Count took place on the 15^th. Totals included 289 Mallard, 520 Canada Geese, 280 Greylag Geese, 54 Coot and 27 Little Grebe.

My final Swallows of the year headed south on October 18^th, but the real surprise was a group of seven Great White Egrets that flew east over the reservoir. There was also a Yellow Legged Gull on this date.

During the second half of October Redwing, Fieldfare and Woodpigeon were on the move. I counted 1000 Woodpigeon heading south west on October 23^rd and 142 Fieldfare were also recorded.

On October 26^th a small young goose was with the Greylags and after some debate with friends it was confirmed as a juvenile White Fronted Goose. This is only the third year that I have recorded this species at Thornton.

As October came to a close other species seen included Wigeon, Goosander, Skylark, Siskin and Redpoll. There were also fourteen Lapwings on the dam.

November has begun with more settled weather. On the 3^rd seven Brambling headed west, a new species for the year list. On the 5^th 3200 Woodpigeon were counted, but this was dwarfed by the 19000 counted by a friend over Sence Valley.

Mild and sunny weather has encouraged both Red Admiral and Painted lady to be on the wing, and Common Darter is also still active. On the 6^th Chiffchaff and Blackcap were feeding near to the church.

As I write there are reports of large flocks of Waxwings to the north and east. These visitors from Scandinavia and the Taiga are flycatchers in their summer breeding areas. In winter they are after berries, so keep an eye out on your Rowan tree. You might just be honoured with a visiting party.

Andy Smith 09/11/2023

Summer Lingers.

Warm and sometimes hot weather continued into September. Migration seemed to be put on hold as birds were not being encouraged to move by a drop in temperature. A Hobby was seen on September 9^th and on the following day an Osprey drifted south east.

A large flock of Canada and Greylag geese dropped in on the 12^th and it was a surprise to see three Pink Footed Geese with them. These migrants from Iceland did not stay long and were soon on their way. A female Red Crested Pochard was also seen on this date.

On the 13^th a Marsh Harrier was low over the church, and was driven off by mobbing Jackdaws. September 17^th was a red letter day with two Pintails in the Stanton Arm and two Clifden Nonpareil moths in a local moth trap.

The first Webs count took place on the 18^th. Totals included 324 Mallard, 76 Coot and 58 Tufted Duck. Great Crested Grebe numbers had increased to a very respectable 53.

As September came to a close small groups of hirundines and Pipits headed south. Small flocks of Siskins and Redpolls were also on the move. A spotted Flycatcher was near the church on September 29^th. Sunny conditions on this date encouraged good numbers of butterflies to be nectaring. I counted 40 Red Admirals on the Ivy and Comma, Tortoiseshell, Peacock, Painted Lady and Hummingbird Hawk Moth were also seen.

Recently flocks of Large Gulls have been dropping in to the reservoir. These have been mainly Lesser Black Backed, with a few Herring gulls.  On September 30^th there were 370 Lesser, five Herring and also a single adult Yellow Legged Gull.

The warm weather has continued into October and plenty of Red Admirals are still on the wing. Geese numbers have increased to approximately 800 birds, made up of 550 Canadas and 250 Greylags. There is also a single Barnacle amongst them.

Black Headed gulls are also increasing and on the 4^th a Yellow colour ringed adult was on the Fishing Lodge jetty. This is a Polish rung bird that winters at Thornton and returns to Jankowo, Poland each summer to breed.

My most recent highlight was on October 5^th when I was fortunate to see a male Merlin fly across the reservoir. This is our smallest falcon and only my third record at Thornton.

As yet there has been no arrival of winter thrushes although some are being reported on the east coast. I am certain that they will feature in my next Nature notes and the local berries will be much in demand.

Andy Smith 06/10/2023

Hot late summer.

As I write this September Nature notes Thornton is sweltering in temperatures approaching 30C, while the Eastern Mediterranean endures severe flooding. It is officially autumn and our bird species are responding to the change of season.

On August 12^th two Swifts were heading south and these might turn out to be my last of the summer. On the 17^th a Brown Argus was on the meadow, my twenty third butterfly species of the year for the meadow and garden.

On August 20^th an eclipse male Red Crested Pochard was near the dam, sporting a bright red beak. Raven, Hobby and three Common Sandpipers were also noted in mid-August.

The end of August was marked by cooler weather, more typical for the time of year. Groups of hirundines were seen drifting south, commencing their long journey to southern climes. On the 29^th August an elegant adult Redshank was on the dam. It performed well, even feeding in the outflow basin. This is the first I have seen at Thornton since 2019. Also at this time a metal rung adult Black–headed gull was near the car park. This bird has PRAHA inscribed on the ring, so was rung in the Czech Republic.

September is proving to be a very hot month, but migration is still in full flow. On the 1^st September fifty Swallows and House Martins were over the reservoir and a single Barnacle Goose was with the Greylags. A smart adult male Nuthatch was trapped and rung on the second and Chiffchaff and Blackcap were seen.

On September 4^th two Hobbys were over the reservoir, no doubt attracted by the hirundines and good numbers of dragonflies. These agile falcons will follow the flocks back south to wintering grounds in Africa.

The following day and an Osprey briefly circled the reservoir. Mobbed by Lesser Black Backed gulls it decided to continue its long migration to the coast of West Africa.

The changeover of bird species is evident at this time of year despite the soaring temperatures. Diurnal factors, the decline in daylight hours are the main drivers of this movement. Bird species are hot wired to respond and my local observations reflect this. Yesterday five Yellow Wagtails were seen flying purposefully south east and today four Wigeon have arrived from the north. Birds have a diverse range of survival strategies and we can only hope that in these times of rapidly changing climate some at least can make it through.

Andy Smith  07/09/2023

High Summer highlights.

Mid-June was marked by warm and settled weather. This encouraged plenty of butterflies to be on the wing, and Meadow Brown, Small Copper, Large Skipper and Ringlet were noted. Highlight was a Marbled White on the meadow near to the church. Good numbers of Scarlet Tiger were also seen. The food plant for the caterpillar of this moth is Comfrey.
On June 27th four Common Sandpipers and a Little Ringed Plover were on the dam. This was a sure sign that return migration was commencing. An early indication of autumns approach. As June came to a close other species seen included Hobby, Peregrine, Red Kite and a flock of 11 Mistle Thrush.
July began with more unsettled weather although butterflies were still seen. Species recorded included Essex Skipper, Small Skipper and Gatekeeper. On the reservoir Great Crested Grebe numbers were increasing with 25 on July 16th. A single Pochard was also seen on this date. On the 21st six Shoveler were brief visitors and 32 Swifts drifted south.
On July 23rd a juvenile Goosander was near the dam. This sawbill is normally a winter visitor, however Goosander have bred locally for the first time; a new survival strategy.
My first Butterfly Conservation survey also on the 23rd ended with 104 butterflies of 12 species. Most common was Gatekeeper, and there were also 14 Red Admirals and a single Hummingbird Hawk Moth.
Two new bird species were added to the year list on the final day of July. This included a fly through Greenshank and a Barnacle Goose that arrived with the Greylags.
On August 3rd Great Crested Grebe numbers had increased to 43 and there were at least three broods of young. Despite some species still rearing young, small numbers of hirundines were moving south. Heavy rain on August 5th grounded many migrants and on the following day the bushes were alive with warblers. This included a very dapper Lesser Whitethroat, my first of the year. Other species present included Blackcap, Chiffchaff, Whitethroat, Willow Warbler and Garden Warbler. By the following day most had departed.
On August 9th amongst the many Holly Blues another darker small butterfly entered the garden. I managed to get some photos to identify the species as a rather worn Purple Hairstreak. There have been several on the oaks near to Stoney Bank, but this was a new species for the garden. With warm weather forecast I will be keeping an eye out for more insect treats over the coming days.
Andy Smith 10/08/2023

Blocking High = Cool Easterlies, Sunny and Dry.

The late spring and early summer have been affected by a high pressure system sitting to the North West of the British Isles. This has resulted in an easterly airstream, with resultant dry, sunny but cool weather. Summer migrants have trickled in and breeding has with some species been delayed.

On May 9^th a Spotted Flycatcher was at the Top End and two Garden Warblers were on territories. A pair of Hobbys were also displaying over the church. On the following day a Reed Warbler was singing in a local patch of Phragmites, and on the 13^th two male Kestrels were seen.

On May 14^th a new family of Greylag Geese had six goslings, a species that has only recently started breeding at Thornton.

May 16^th turned out to be a good Raptor day. The highlight was a female Marsh Harrier over the arable crops near the Top End. She was mobbed by Crows and flew off low to the north east. Later that morning an Osprey was over the reservoir and a single Red Kite also flew south.

Warm weather on May 24^th had several pairs of Swifts chasing each other, but it also turned out to be a great day for Hobbys. I managed to count four birds but Dave Wright had a total of six. These may have included some passage birds, but it does bode well for local breeding.

It was also pleasing to see that Tawny Owl has bred successfully and at least one chick has fledged.

As May came to a close other species seen included Common Sandpiper, Little Ringed Plover, Yellow Wagtail, Peregrine, Sparrowhawk, and Raven. The only new species added was a singing but skulking Sedge Warbler on May 28^th.

The cool, dry and sunny weather has continued into early June, although as I write it is set to change. Warm, humid weather is building and thunderstorms are imminent.  

On June 4^th my first Small Copper was on the meadow and Scarlet Tiger and Cinnabar Moths are on the wing. I also managed to identify a Grey Haired Mining Bee, a new one for me.

I await with trepidation the appearance of summer butterflies on the meadow. It has been suggested that last year’s drought may have impacted on the food plants of caterpillars, and this might result in reduced numbers of butterflies. I am hoping it is not the case, but if so we can help them recover by planting insect friendly plants and letting areas of the lawn grow.

Andy Smith 10/06/2023

Summer visitors and Passage migrants.

Mid-April was marked by cool weather typical of this rather unsettled spring. My first Skylarks of the year were over the arable fields at the Top End on the 14th, but the highlight was some great views of a family of Weasels. On the 16^th a Common Sandpiper was on the dam and the following day seven Arctic Terns flew east.

My first Swift of the year was over the reservoir on April 21^st and heralded a purple patch of bird arrivals. The 22^nd produced four new species, with Whitethroat, Yellow Wagtail and Wheatear, the latter two on the dam. The fourth was a fly over Sandwich Tern. The run of birds continued on the 23^rd with more Arctic Terns, a Common Tern, and spotted by Dave Wright and the highlight, a Little Tern. Only the second I have seen at Thornton in 37 years.

It is always special to hear the first Cuckoo of the year, not now a guaranteed occurrence. So it was a delight to see and hear two birds locally on April 24^th. As April drew to a close Garden Warbler, Curlew, Hobby and Whimbrel were added to the year list.

May has arrived and introduced milder and at times warm weather. Two Little Ringed Plover were on the dam on May 2^nd, and this marked, by Thornton standards, a small wader “fest”! On the 3^rd a Green Sandpiper was with the now three Common Sandpipers, two Little Ringed Plovers, a single Shelduck and a metal rung Oystercatcher. I managed to read the ring number, so more details in a future article. This was all very pleasing, but better was to come. The local bird network reported three Common Cranes heading west over Groby Pool. Scanning in that direction I was able to see the Cranes as they wheeled high to the east of the reservoir.

On May 5^th a Spotted Flycatcher was at the Markfield Inflow and by the following day it had been joined by a second bird, so with luck they will breed.

As I write this edition I am just back from an early walk around the reservoir. The undoubted highlight was my second Osprey of the year. It attempted to fish, but was mobbed by corvids and flew off to the south east.

Andy Smith 08/05/2023  

Arrivals and Departures.

Three inches of snow on March 10^th was not what early spring migrants were expecting. Winter thrushes such as Redwing and Fieldfare were on the move and a smart male Goosander was also recorded. Highlight was a female Stonechat perched on top of the Typha opposite the Lodge.

The final winters Webs count took place on the 11^th. Totals included 110 Mallard, 89 Coot, 59 Tufted Duck and 26 Moorhen. Snipe, Water Rail, Kingfisher, Shoveler and Teal were also seen.

On March 13^th I saw my first Sand Martin of the year and by dusk there were four. Also on this date nine Snipe were at the Top End. On the following day I noticed Frog spawn in the pond a sure sign that spring was advancing.

On March 16^th a Great White Egret flew down the valley and the following day two Chiffchaff were calling between the carpark and the lodge.

On March 20^th a male Yellowhammer was on the stubble at the Top End and a Cettis Warbler was calling and showing well from Wood Bank. The mild weather at this time produced my first butterfly of the year, a newly emerged Comma, and on the 22^nd Brimstone was recorded.

Sand Martin numbers increased throughout March and they were joined by an early Swallow on the 25^th. A surprise was a flock of nine Egyptian Geese that flew over the house on the 27^th. The final treat of the month was on March 30^th when an Osprey briefly circled the reservoir. It was mobbed by Crows and flew off high to the North.

April commenced with two new migrants on the first. Hirundine numbers had increased to 60 Sand Martins, three Swallows and a single House Martin was new in. A singing Willow Warbler was also found on this date. Despite a cold north wind it was a surprise to see a nest of seven recently hatched Coot chicks on the 2^nd. On the following day a male Goldeneye had made a brief stop to feed up before continuing north.

Warm and sunny weather on April 7^th encouraged Small White, Holly Blue and Bee Fly to be on the wing and at dusk several Noctule bats were out feeding. This is one of our largest bat species and can be identified by its flight that includes rapid dips down as it catches insects. Noctules are also one of the first bats to appear in the evening.

Andy Smith 10/04/2023

Late Winter Blast.

Mild weather continued into early February.  On the 12^th early migration was demonstrated by an Oystercatcher resting up on the dam. The following day and 70 Wigeon were heading east and three Snipe, a Water Rail and a flock of 16 Linnets were at the Top End.  An early Bumble Bee was also braving the mild conditions.

On the 18^th five Lesser Redpolls were on the garden feeders and a female Blackcap was noted. The February Webs count took place on the 19^th. Totals included 107 Mallard, 83 Coot, 54 Tufted Duck, 25 Moorhen and 16 Little Grebe. It was also pleasing to see two Water Rails at the Top End. A male and female Blackcap, an early Pipistrelle bat, and my first Red Kite of the year were also recorded on this date.

On February 24^th 21 Stock Dove were counted flying west and on the 26^th a flock of 80 Wigeon were heading east. The reeds at the Top End are one of the few undisturbed areas around the reservoir and on the 27^th 11 Snipe were resting there.

March commenced with cool weather and on the 2^nd a pair of Shelduck were brief visitors, before flying off south east. Wildfowl are presently scarce on the reservoir, although Mute Swan numbers have increased to 20.

Normally by early March frogs are active in the pond, the first butterflies are appearing and reports are coming in of Sand Martins being sighted. As I write blizzard conditions have deposited three inches of snow and a cold easterly is discouraging me from venturing out. It makes me wonder whether the natural world knew this all along!

 As the snow covers many food sources, the garden feeders are busy with Greenfinch, Goldfinch, Redpoll, Blue Tits and Great Tits. Most hedgerow berries have been consumed so early spring is a real food gap for our birds. My plan this summer is to grow Sunflowers. These will be left throughout next winter and early spring, and the dead heads will help to fill the food gap. The same can be done with teasels, grasses and other annuals. So the message is, if you can, leave some of last year’s dead heads and avoid tidying up.

Andy Smith 09/03/2023

Sunshine and frosts.

As we edged in to the New Year hard frosts and glorious sunshine was the general mornings welcome. High pressure resulted in light winds and dry conditions. 

On January 12^th a fly over Great White Egret was the first of the year and a Treecreeper was at the Stanton Inflow.

On the 19^th four Snipe and a Water Rail were seen at the Top End, but the highlight was a good view of a Cettis Warbler in the reeds. Also on this date a single female Shoveler was off Wood Bank. Other species recorded at this time included Bullfinch, Reed Bunting, Redpoll, Meadow Pipit and Goosander.

The January Webs Count took place on the 22^nd. Totals included 277 Mallard, 200 Canadas Geese, 172 Greylag Geese, 117 Coot, 82 Wigeon, 72 Tufted Duck and 59 Pochard. Grey Heron, Kingfisher, Mandarin and Grey Wagtail were also seen.

Wildfowl had obviously responded to the cold weather and Webs counters reported increased numbers. On January 25^th 55 Gadwall was probably a record count for Thornton Reservoir.

Many bird species form winter flocks for safety but also to gather in communal roosts. Greenfinches have suffered dramatic declines in recent years, so it was encouraging to discover a flock going to roost near to the nursery.

On January 27^th I managed to count 52 as they gathered above the carpark, before dropping in to their roost site.

Another species that has declined in Britain as a result of the intensification of farming is the Lapwing. However, large numbers of birds visit us in the winter to escape the harsh continental climate. I have been counting the Lapwing on the dam, where they rest and wash up after feeding on surrounding fields. As the month ended it was good to count 330 Lapwing taking refuge on the dam.

The cold and frosty weather has continued into February and there has been a lull in new bird sightings. The only change has been a recent increase in Great Crested Grebes with 15 counted on the 8^th. At least three Blackcap are being regularly seen feeding on Ivy. Blackcap are of course warblers and usually summer visitors. As a result of climate change more are managing to over winter with us. Recent research has demonstrated that some of these birds move here from Eastern Europe and even northern Spain.

As the earth tilts signs of spring are appearing and no doubt some species are already starting their migrations. My first Swallow is perhaps as I write flitting over an African Savanna and northward bound.

Andy Smith 09/02/2023

Years End and New Beginnings.

Mild and calm weather continued in mid-November and on Armistice Day a Cetti’s Warbler was found by Dave Wright calling from reeds at the Stanton Inflow. The Webs count took place on the 13^th. Totals included 194 Mallard, 35 Cormorant and 29 moorhen.  Pochard, Teal and Goosander were also recorded.

Three Goldeneye were present on November 17^th and a male Blackcap was in the garden on the 19^th. Highlight of the 22^nd was a female Common Scoter which remained until the 26^th. As November drew to a close other species seen included Red Kite, Raven, Chiffchaff, Stock Dove, Snipe and up to 110 Lapwing on the dam.

December began with a much colder wind direction and some hard frosts. A Great White Egret was seen on several early mornings feeding around the reservoir margins. Two brief visitors included a pair of Egyptian Geese on the 4^th and a first winter Mediterranean Gull on the 6^th.

The December Webs took place on the 11^th and totals included 251 Mallard, 36 Cormorant, 31 Coot, 27 Tufted Duck, and 22 Little Grebe. Later that day three adult Greater Black Backed Gulls were also present.

My final new species for 2022 were a pair of Red Crested Pochard on the 15^th. By now approximately 40% of the reservoir was frozen and wildfowl were busy feeding in the open areas. Totals at this time included up to 60 Wigeon, 110 Tufted Duck, 50 Coot, 26 Little Grebe, 20 Teal and 12 Gadwall.

Other end of year records included 176 Canada and 140 Greylag Geese, 27 Greenfinch going to roost near the nursery and a Helsinki rung Black Headed Gull at the Outflow. My final Patch total for the year ended on 121, with the highlight being my first local Arctic Redpoll and only my second Yellow Legged Gull. There were also sadly some omissions that I would hope to have seen such as Curlew, Grasshopper Warbler and Dunlin.

As dawn breaks on the New Year I always start my local patch list with enthusiasm. 2023 was no exception and I was pleased to quickly add Water Rail, Great Black Backed Gull and Mandarin on the 1^st.  Other less common species seen to date include Egyptian Goose, Snipe, Kingfisher and Tawny Owl.

Photos attached – Copyright Andy Smith

9240 male Goosander 9435 Great White Egret 9219 Common Scoter

9312 Egyptian goose 9455 Pair of Red Crested Pochard 9557 Female Blackcap

As I write heavy rain is falling and it is again unseasonably mild. I am certain that we will get some colder weather before the spring arrives and I enthusiastically await the avian treats of 2023.

Andy Smith 10/01/2023

Mild autumn welcomes Northern Visitors.

Black-Headed Gulls are common on the reservoir and many arrive to spend the winter. Recently we have had birds that have been rung in Finland and Belarus. On October 17^th 320 Lesser Black Backed and 12 Herring Gulls were brief visitors. Amongst this group was a single Yellow Legged Gull.  This is an uncommon visitor to Leicestershire and only the second that I have seen at Thornton. Also on this date a Stonechat was at the Outflow.

Nationally October 19^th witnessed a huge movement of winter thrushes through Britain. I recorded 300 Fieldfare and 2800 Redwing migrating south west. Other species on the move included Starling, Skylark, Meadow Pipit, Redpoll, Chaffinch and Woodpigeon. Also on this date a very late Humming Bird Hawk Moth was in the garden. 

Mild weather continued and several butterfly species were on the wing. This included Brimstone, Holly Blue, Speckled Wood and Small Copper. A very late Swallow flew over the church on October 28^th and headed south.

Several groups of Redpoll have been migrating south East and on October 29^th a small group landed in a Silver Birch. One bird was especially pale and I managed to get three photos before they flew off. At present the record is being assessed by the British Birds Rarities Committee as a possible Arctic Redpoll and I await their decision.

Migration continued as November commenced and on the 4^th large flocks of Woodpigeon were on the move. Between 0710 and 0830 I counted a minimum of 9100 birds heading southwest.  I thought this was impressive until I heard that 250000 had passed over a site in South Wales.

On November 7^th I returned from Norfolk having “dipped” Whooper Swan. I needn’t have worried as two adults were on the reservoir at dusk. These elegant long necked visitors from the Arctic are always a treat to see and uncommon in Leicestershire. By the following day they had moved on.

A single female Goosander was on the reservoir on November 10^th and Cormorant numbers had increased to 52. A small flock of 24 Lapwing are on the dam and a single Wigeon was with the Mallard.

As I write this edition the mild weather continues and a Red Admiral is on the Ivy. The epic journeys made by so many bird species is in response to the changing season and the cold that is to come.

Andy Smith 11/11/2022

All Change.

The warm and settled weather continued into September as bird species were on the move. The first Webs count took place on September 11^th. Totals included 215 Mallard, 98 Coot, 90 Tufted Duck and 32 Moorhen.  A first winter Stonechat was perched on farm machinery at the Top End and was new for the year.

My final Hobby of the year was seen on the 16^th and the following day 250 hirundines were gathering on the wires along the dam. On the 18^th five Little Egrets were brief visitors. Other records on this date included two Wigeon, three Snipe and 15 Mistle Thrush.

Two late Spotted Flycatchers were near Stony Bank on the 23^rd, in the company of Chiffchaffs and Blackcaps. As September drew to a close other sightings included Reed Bunting, Raven, Swallow and House Martins. My first Redwings of the season were moving west on the 30^th.

Warm weather has continued into October and Red Admirals, Comma, Large White and Speckled Wood are still active. Common Darter and Migrant Hawker are also on the wing.

The Reservoir has remained full throughout the summer although opposite the Fishing Lodge there are some muddy margins. I have been checking this area most mornings hoping for a wader. My reward came on October 4^th when I spotted what I thought was a Snipe. On closer viewing I noted the characteristic bobbing of a Jack Snipe. This uncommon winter visitor breeds in the bogs of Scandinavia and Russia. Due to its skulking habits in often inaccessible areas it is often overlooked. (See photographs below).

The October Webs count took place on the 9^th with totals including 188 Mallard, 101 Coot and 58 Tufted Duck. Other impressive counts included 53 Moorhen and 45 Little Grebe. These are probably both new record counts for these two species at Thornton. Other wildfowl seen included Gadwall, Teal and Shoveler.

Increasing numbers of birds are now on the move with summer visitors heading south and wintering birds arriving from the north. It is easy to spot this active migration from any location although high ground is advantageous. These migrant birds tend to fly purposefully and often in flocks or small groups. Species that I have recorded recently include Meadow Pipit, Chaffinch, Siskin, Skylark, Starling and Redwing. It is a real spectacle when large numbers are on the move so, over the next few weeks, as Birders say, Eyes to the Skies!

Andy Smith 10/10/2022

Cormorant – fishing skills – Thornton Reservoir 15th August

Continental Climate Continues.

The warm and dry weather continued throughout mid-August. Post breeding, birds were feeding up and many species starting their autumn migration. Warblers such as Blackcap, Garden Warbler and Chiffchaff were seen in good numbers.

A Pied Flycatcher was seen locally by some fortunate observers. This species does not breed in Leicestershire and will have been migrating to wintering areas in West Africa. Other migrants that have enjoyed the warmer weather have included Humming Bird Hawk Moths that have been visiting our gardens.

On August 17^th Tufted Duck numbers had increased to 185 and there were six Teal at the Top End. A young Peregrine was causing havoc as it hunted over the reservoir and two Spotted Flycatchers were in hedges on the East Bank.

Another species that seems to have had a good breeding season is Mistle Thrush with a family party of seven seen on the 19^th. Two Common Sandpipers were on the dam also on this date.

During the late summer it is common to see large flocks of small birds moving along hedgerows. Many are young birds and the flock provides some protection. One such flock had twenty one Long Tailed Tits and fifteen Chiffchaffs.

On August 24^th a Green Sandpiper briefly dropped in, before flying off to the south east. Also on this date three Kingfishers, four Shoveler and 14 Linnets were recorded. On the following day a Redstart was in a hedge on the East Bank in the company of Whitethroat, Lesser Whitethroat and six Yellow Wagtails.

On August 28^th a single Whimbrel was resting up on the dam. It was still present on the following day, but had departed by the 30^th. Two flocks of Golden Plover were also seen.

The warm weather continued into September although heavy showers were a welcome addition. Large flocks of hirundines have been feeding over the reservoir before continuing their journey south.  Another migrant graced the reservoir on September 5^th, when the mobbing by the local Lesser Black backed Gulls drew it to my attention. Rushing down to the reservoir was rewarded by stunning views of an Osprey as it attempted to fish. It eventually managed to catch a large trout, but was unable to remain airborne and for a moment was in the water. Luckily it managed to disconnect itself from its prize and was soon airborne. Deciding to abandon its fishing it circled high and flew off to the south. 

Andy Smith 8/9/2022

Record Summer Temperatures.

Trips to Greenland and Norfolk meant that my Local Patch birding was curtailed, although I still managed some pleasing sightings. On May 11^th my first Spotted Flycatcher was near the Goat field. This summer visitor has been a rare record for many local birders. On the following day a Cuckoo was seen and heard near to the church and on the 20^th two Hobbies were in the same area.

Hot and sunny weather on May 21^st had a Hummingbird Hawkmoth feeding on Wallflower and Scarlet Tiger, Large Skipper and Ringlet were on the wing.

Returning from the cold north on June 13^th seemed more like stepping off a plane in Central Spain, but even hotter conditions were on the way. The first Butterfly Conservation survey produced 81 butterflies of eight species, Gatekeeper being the most numerous.

May 19^th was a day to remember, with my thermometer recording just under 40C at 39.8C in the shade. The following day was cooler and a pair of Common Terns were at the outflow. As July drew to a close other species seen included Common Sandpiper, Little Ringed Plover, Mandarin, Peregrine, Red Kite, and 81 Tufted Duck. An Essex Skipper was also seen, the first for the year.

Hot, dry and sunny weather has marked the start of August and a second heat wave is fast approaching as I write these Nature Notes. Things seem to be coming in fives with groups of Mistle Thrush, Raven and Grey Wagtail all reaching this total. Tufted Duck have however increased to 120 and there have been flocks of approximately 100 of each of Greylag and Canada Geese.

Two Brown Argus butterflies were on the meadow along with Common Blue and Small Copper. Young warblers are also being seen locally with Blackcap, Garden Warbler, Reed Warbler, Chiffchaff and Willow Warbler feeding up before their migration south.

Andy Smith 10/08/2022

Highlights of early Summer.

As May progressed I was hoping that a wader species might drop in to the reservoir on its journey north, and on the 12^th May two Common Sandpipers were on the dam. On the 13^th five small waders flew North West. They were too distant to identify, but I guessed at a Calidris species, such as Dunlin or maybe Sanderling, a species I have never seen at Thornton. Later that day a friend had a single Sanderling being chased by a Common Sandpiper low over the reservoir. Oh well!!

Also on this date two Hobbys were over the reservoir and the Sand Martins had started egg laying at the wall at Bagworth Heath. On the 15^th two Lapwings were on the dam and a group of 15 screaming Swifts were noted.

On May 18^th a pair of Shelduck were brief visitors and a Red Kite flew south. On the 19^th it was a delight to at last hear a Cuckoo. The ten year average arrival date for Leicestershire and Rutland is April 12^th, so this was a late record for me. Also on this date a single Painted Lady was in the garden.

On May 26^th a Barnacle Goose was with the Greylags. There were also at least three broods of Greylag geese. By the 30^th there were three broods of Great Crested Grebes, with a total of six juveniles. Grebes build floating nests in the shallows around the edge of lakes. As their nests float they can cope with some degree of water level change. However, sudden extreme changes can be calamitous. Disturbance of the adults from the nest can also result in Crows robbing the eggs, hence the plea to keep dogs on leads.

June commenced with sunny and warm weather and two Peregrines interacting over the reservoir. On the 2^nd the first young Sand Martins were rung at Bagworth Heath. Green Hairstreak, Small Copper, Meadow Brown and a Black Tailed Skimmer were also seen.

Three Red Kite flew South West on the 3^rd and again on the 7^th. The highlight of the 4^th was an Osprey attempting to fish. I watched it start to dive but it kept aborting the attempt, I presume because of the blustery conditions. It eventually flew off to the South.

On May 9^th a Reed Warbler was singing and showing well opposite the fishing lodge, and on the 10^th a Common Tern flew west.

Photographs – Copyright of Andy Smith

Andy Smith 10/06/2022

Delayed Migration.

Cool and dry weather dominated April and although migrants trickled through, numbers were low. On April 10^th a Marsh Harrier flew low to the north and perhaps the same bird was seen on two other dates in mid-April.

My first Willow Warbler of the year was singing near Retreat farm on April12th. Also on this date two Red Kite and a Great White Egret flew south east. On the 14^th a Yellow Wagtail flew north and a White Wagtail was on the dam. Butterflies seen included Holly Blue, Orange Tip, Peacock, Brimstone, Tortoiseshell and Small White.

My first Common Sandpiper of the year was feeding on the dam on the 16^th, and on the following day Whitethroat, Garden Warbler and Wheatear were all recorded. A count of 66 Scarlet Tiger moth caterpillars on the Comfrey was encouraging.

The end of April often produces a rarity or two, but this year has been very quiet. Only Common Tern and Swift were added to the list, the latter on the 27^th. There were however, notable breeding evidence with Grey Wagtails food carrying and eight Great Crested Grebes sitting. A cold north easterly on the 28^th had between 800-1000 hirundines over the reservoir. I estimated 450 Swallows, 200 Sand Martins and 100 House Martins. There were also 17 Yellowhammers on the new cereal plantings.

May has introduced milder weather, but still migration has been slow. May 1^st raised expectations with Lesser Whitethroat, Arctic Tern and Hobby all seen. Five Common Sandpipers on the 2^nd was a good count, but the only other new arrival was a singing Sedge Warbler on May 8^th.

Despite the delayed migration resident species are breeding with young Grey Wagtails and Robins already fledged and Nuthatch food carrying. There are also twenty two nest holes being used at a local Sand Martin wall.

As I write more Swifts are appearing over the reservoir and hopefully other migrants will arrive in the coming days. A bird observatory in southern France recorded 30000 Swifts heading north a few days ago, so they are on their way. Both Swifts and House Martins are amber listed and declining. In the not so distant past Thornton village would have been enhanced by the calls of these species that evoke summer days. If you can help them to find a home to raise a brood, we will all benefit.

Andy Smith 10/05/2022

Sluggish Start to Spring.

A single early Sand Martin was over the reservoir on March 11^th, enduring the cool brisk easterly. By the 13^th three Sand Martins were seen and my first calling Chiffchaff was near the church. Despite light frosts two Comma butterflies were on the wing on the 15^th, enjoying the early sunshine.

Mid-March saw evidence of several species taking steps to ensure a successful breeding season. Wigeon, Goosander, Redwing and Fieldfare were all heading north to their breeding grounds, while Moorhen, Grey Wagtail, Blackcap and Goldfinch were singing and nest building.

The final Webs count took place on March 20^th. Totals included 54 Mallard, 73 Tufted Duck, 61 Coot and 22 Moorhen. Numbers were declining as many wildfowl headed north, although Coot, Mute Swan and Great Crested Grebe were all nest building around the margins of the reservoir.

A Great White Egret was seen feeding on March23rd.  A skylark and two Red Kites were also seen on this date.

Two Oystercatchers were on the dam on March 25^th and 32 Wigeon flew north east.

The final two days of March saw House Martin added on the 30^th and a bumper final day with Egyptian Goose, Little Ringed Plover (LRP) and a female Brambling all sneaking in before months end. Although Egyptian Goose breeds in the county, this was only my fourth record at Thornton.

April commenced with frosts and sometimes squally conditions. On the 1^st two LRP were on the dam and on the 2^nd my first Swallow of the year was in the company of five Sand Martins. On April 3^rd three LRP were gracing the Outflow and posing nicely for photos!

On April 7^th a male and female Peregrine were interacting high over the reservoir and making some of the local Woodpigeons very jittery. There was also a mob of large gulls, which included 20 Lesser Black Backs and seven Herring Gulls. Hirundine numbers had increased to 20, made up mainly of Sand Martins, but now three Swallows and a single House Martin.

Despite an early frost April 8^th was a rare calm and sunny day. Insects were enjoying the warmth and I recorded my first Holly Blue, Orange Tip and Bee Fly.

Many of our summer visitors will arrive during April and hopefully there will be a rarity or two amongst them.

Andy Smith 9/04/2022

Winter Highlights

Mid-January was marked by some hard frosts and typical winter species were recorded. This included Goldeneye, Goosander and Barnacle Goose. My first Shelduck of the year dropped in briefly on the 12^th and promptly flew off west.

Twenty Pochard was a good count on the 16^th and other species seen at this time included Raven, Nuthatch, Meadow Pipit, Redpoll and Yellowhammer. A Woodcock was flushed at Bagworth Heath on the 19^th.  The stubble fields around the reservoir were also attracting birds, with 29 Stock Doves and 25 Linnets counted. A flock of 23 Teal were mid reservoir on the 22^nd.

The January Webs count took place on the 23^rd. Totals included 165 Coot, 109 Mallard, 56 Tufted Duck, and a pleasing 26 Gadwall. Even more impressive was a count of 39 Little Grebe and two Water Rails.

Milder weather at the end of January encouraged a Brimstone to venture out on the 27^th. A first winter Black Headed Gull with a metal ring was at the outflow. Eventually I managed to read the ring which had the following information: – HA56.493  ZOOL.MUS.KAUNAS  LITHUANIA.

February commenced with mild weather and a male Blackcap was seen on the 1^st. Lapwing numbers had also increased with 135 counted on the 3^rd. A single Oystercatcher was on the dam on the 10^th and the male Mandarin was in the carpark.

The stubble fields were still attracting hungry birds with counts of 60 Linnets, 160 Redwing and 8 Yellowhammers. A Tortoiseshell butterfly was seen on Feb 17^th. The February Webs count was completed on the 20^th. Highlights included Mandarin, Water Rail, Grey Wagtail and two Snipe. The latter were resting amongst the reeds at the Top End.

As February ended Red Legged Partridge, Tawny Owl and Red Kite were noted. It was also a first to see Collared Dove, Woodpigeon and Stock Dove feeding together in the garden.

My first frog spawn of the year was in the pond on March 3^rd and on the 4^th, three Chiffchaff were busy feeding in the Outflow. March is when Birders start to get excited about the spring migration and what it might deliver. Winter visitors are heading back north, summer breeders are arriving and passage species are passing through. The expectations of a rarity fuel the excitement, but the thrill of seeing that first Swallow is never dulled.

Andy Smith 9/03/2022

Years End.

Mid November was marked by mild and calm conditions. On the 13^th a flock of 52 Wigeon drifted east and a flock of 32 Golden Plover circled over Thornton Wood before heading south west. On the 14^th Great White Egret, Goosander, Brambling and a male Marsh Harrier were all recorded.

On November 18^th Red Admiral, Chiffchaff and Blackcap were seen enjoying the mild weather. An adult male Pintail flew north on the following day.

As November came to a close temperatures dropped. Species seen included 24 Pochard, 21 Lapwing, Red Kite, Peregrine, Water Rail, Little Egret, Shoveler, Meadow Pipit and Siskin.

December commenced with more typical British winter weather, with light snow showers on the 2^nd. A single Stock Dove in the garden on December 1^st was a rare event and winter thrushes were still on the move with 500 Redwing and 20 Fieldfare counted. On December 6^th a flock of approximately 35 Wild Swans landed briefly on the reservoir, and all too rapidly took off and headed west. I was unable to get photographs, but I suspect they may have been Bewick’s.

A fine adult Greater Black Backed Gull was loafing mid reservoir on the 10^th and six Song Thrush were feeding on the stubble. A Woodcock was flushed at Brown’s Wood on December 15^th and 42 Cormorants were counted on the reservoir.

The December Webs count took place on the 19^th before the fog reduced visibility. Totals included 98 Mallard, 214 Coot, 43 Tufted Duck 29 Moorhen and an impressive 32 Little Grebe. Snipe, Kingfisher and Water Rail were also seen.

December and 2021 closed with very mild weather, New Year’s Eve being one of the warmest on record. Species seen at this time included Goldeneye, Barnacle Goose, and male Mandarin. My final Thornton patch species total for 2021 ended on 127. This equals my second highest and is the highest when there have been no periods of low water levels. Two new species included Firecrest and Common Crane. The two Arctic Skuas were another highlight.

The mild weather continued with the New Year, and Water Rail, Peregrine and Linnet were all seen on the 1st. On the 5^th two male and one female Mandarin were on the reservoir. On the following day 23 Teal was a good count. Other species recorded so far this year have included Reed Bunting, Green Woodpecker and Treecreeper.

Andy Smith 09/01/2022

“A MOTH WITHOUT EQUAL” – by Dave Wright (Thornton)

I’ve been running a moth trap in my garden in Thornton for a number of years. I’ve caught over 370 species during that time, which surprises most people as to the sheer variety of moths that one can encounter, even in a modest garden.

At this point I should explain that my moth trap does not kill the moths. It is essentially a box, with a bright bulb on top, with a narrow entrance which the moths (attracted by the light) are funnelled down into. Egg boxes placed in the box give the moths somewhere dark to hide and rest. The setup is shown in the picture.

On the morning of 10^th September this year, I got up and went straight to check on the trap. I instantly knew this was a red-letter day as I could see a very large moth, showing two bands of violet blue, calmly sitting on top of one of the egg boxes. I knew straight away this was a Clifden Nonpareil (Catocala fraxini).

Not only is it a large and beautiful moth, it is also rare, and in my lifetime has only been considered a migrant to Britain from the continent, arriving here from Scandinavia in late summer in very small numbers. So, you can imagine my excitement.

I decided to go and make a strong cup of tea and compose myself before sorting out the trap. I was nervous it might fly off as soon as the lid of the trap was raised. The moth was so large (with a wingspan of nearly 10cm across) that I couldn’t use my usual containers to pot it up as they were all too small! However, we managed to get it into a margarine tub. This then went into the fridge. Again, I should explain…by keeping moths cool, it stops them being active and potentially damaging their wings.

I posted the sighting on social media and a couple of friends called by to ‘twitch’ the moth. It was safely released at dusk that evening, to spend the rest of its days (or rather nights) doing whatever Clifden Nonpareil’s do?

The Clifden Nonpareil gets its romantic name from the location of the first British records in the 18th-century, at the Cleifden (now called Cliveden) estate on the Bucks/Berkshire border; and “nonpareil” meaning “without equal” in French. It is also known, less poetically as the Blue Underwing.

I never really expected to see this holy grail of moths, let alone catch one in my garden trap.

Dave Wright

Migration in full swing.

Mid October was marked by settled weather and visible migration of several species was evident.  On the 15^th a Rock Pipit was on the dam. On the following day I recorded three Swallows, no doubt my last of the year.

Woodpigeons were moving south on the 21^st with 3856 counted in two hours. Other species on the move included Wigeon, Starling, Chaffinch, Redpoll and Siskin. There was also a report of Red Crested Pochard at this time.

Two Red Kite drifted over the reservoir on October 27^th and a male Peregrine was also noted. A very dark Lesser Black Backed Gull was photographed on this date and was of the race Intermedius. As October drew to a close other species relocating included Snipe, Great Spotted Woodpecker and Jay.

November 2^nd was a Woodpigeon day with 4600 counted heading south in one hour. The total in four hours was 6700. Fifty five Chaffinch and a single male Goosander were also seen. November 4^th witnessed a massive movement of Winter Thrushes. 1225 Redwing were counted and my first Fieldfare of the autumn totalled 1750. Other counters reported phenomenal numbers along the east shore of Rutland Water.

On the 5^th a Great White Egret flew low over the reservoir and 12 Brambling were in the church yard. It was also a treat to have a skein of 27 Pink footed Geese fly west on this date. These neat geese will have flown south from Iceland to over winter in Britain. Large numbers can be seen in Norfolk but they are less common in Leicestershire.

The November Webs count was completed on the 7^th. Totals include 137 Mallard, 160 Coot, 29 Tufted Duck and 30 Moorhen. Other species recorded included Gadwall, Wigeon, Pochard, Teal, Heron and Kingfisher.

As I write mild weather means that insects are still on the wing with Red Admiral being seen in the garden. The Ivy flowers are also attracting Bumble Bees, Wasps and Hover flies. I have also seen Chiffchaff and Blackcap recently. A surprise was a large bat in daylight over Thornton wood on the 9^th. I suspect it was a Noctule, perhaps taking a last feed while insects are still active.

In the next article I am confident that signs of summer will be long gone and a winter theme will be in ascendance.

Andy Smith 10/11/2021

All Change!

The first Webs count of the season took place on September 12^th. Totals included 279 Mallard, 140 Coot, 67 Tufted Duck, 37 Moorhen, and 17 Cormorants. Other duck species recorded included Gadwall, Pochard, Teal, Shoveler and Wigeon. Water Rail, Little Egret and two Kingfishers were also seen.

On the 15^th there were three Common Sandpipers on the dam and a juvenile Redstart on the east bank. This is the fourth Redstart seen at Thornton this year.

On the 16^th an Osprey flew high to the South East and a Hobby also headed in this direction. A single Barnacle goose was with the Greylags and Canadas and a charm of forty Goldfinches was a good count. Summer visitors were departing with 112 Swallows and 50 Meadow Pipits also heading SE.

The second half of September was marked by generally mild and sunny weather. It is the shortening days that trigger the migration response from many summer visitors. This diurnal change is even more pronounced in more northerly regions resulting in these bird populations heading our way.

My final Spotted Flycatcher of the summer was seen on the 19^th and on the 21^st a Wheatear perched briefly on the dam. Also on the latter date Peregrine, Red Kite and two Ravens were fly overs. On September 23^rd two Black Tailed Godwits flew low over the house. They had been seen a few minutes earlier at Groby Pool.

My final good count of Swallows was 74 on the 26^th. With plenty of stubble locally geese numbers have built up. On September 28^th I counted 630 Canadas and 266 Greylag. A single Barnacle goose was also with them.

October has commenced with settled weather. Migration is now in full swing and 28 House Martins were heading south on October 3^rd. Also on this date 16 Jays were recorded. Northerly populations of this species migrate to escape the harsh winters.

Having spent a great week birding in North Norfolk I was back Patch birding on the 12^th. I was quickly rewarded with a flock of 17 Whooper Swans that flew east over the reservoir.

As I write winter thrushes, especially Redwing are flooding in to Britain. Today I counted 1150 Redwing, all heading west. This figure is nothing in comparison to the 35000 that flew over a site in Surrey yesterday. It is a clear demonstration of the changing seasons and the migrations that bird species must make.

Andy Smith 14/10/2021

Late Summer Highlights.

A single Common Sandpiper was on the dam on August 12^th and a Hobby was also seen on this date. On the 14^th two Black Headed Gulls were seen with colour rings. One with a Yellow ring K06A was rung in Latvia and a White ringed bird, J0940 is from Norway.

A juvenile Male Mandarin was at the Top End on August 18^th and 9 Pochard and 100 Tufted Duck were also noted. While scything the meadow on August 19^th six Ravens flew south and A Red Kite was also a fly over. A single Swift was also seen.

 Canada and Greylag Geese numbers are increasing and on August 25th a single Barnacle goose was with them. As August drew to a close Spotted Flycatcher, Lesser Whitethroat, Whitethroat, Green Woodpecker, Peregrine and Curlew were reported locally.

September is always an exciting month for bird watching as migration is in full swing.  It has started well, with a Great White Egret and Redstart on the 1^st and a Whinchat on the 3^rd. A large mixed flock of hirundines were drifting south on the 4^th and five Jays headed in the same direction on September 5^th.

The recent hot weather has seen up to seven Buzzards circling over the reservoir and a late Hobby has been hunting hirundines and dragonflies. Two juvenile Black Terns were my first of the year on September 6^th and four more were seen on the 9^th. Also on this date a single adult Mediterranean Gull was loafing at the Outflow with the Black Headed Gulls.

Wildfowl numbers are increasing with approximately 250 Mallard and 100 Tufted Duck on the reservoir. All are busy moulting and looking decidedly shabby! Other sightings recently have included Kingfisher, Snipe, 5 Teal, and a single Shoveler.

Andy Smith 10/09/2021

Summer regulars then Arctic migrants.

On June 11^th 26 Greylag goslings were in the carpark. These youngsters were flightless so must have bred locally. On the 12^th two Hobby and a Little Ringed Plover were noted and the following day a pair of Oystercatchers were on the dam.

More signs of local breeding were recorded on the 15^th with four juvenile Grey Wagtails in the Outflow and a young Mandarin at the Top End. 

On the mammal front it was a treat to get great views of a female Roe Deer at Browns Wood on June 17^th. This attractive deer is on the increase thanks to the large areas of woodland where disturbance is reduced.

On June 25^th a local walk produced four Orchid species. These included Common Spotted, Southern Marsh, Pyramidal and Bee Orchids.

Five Shelduck were brief visitors to the reservoir on June 28^th.

July commenced with warm and sunny weather. A thunder storm on the 4^th caused Swifts to drop low and I counted 268 fly south low over the house.

On 13^th a single Common Sandpiper was on the dam. This wader breeds to the north and its appearance on the dam demonstrated the approach of autumn. To make this even more evident on July 15^th a flock of 26 Black-Tailed Godwits were circling the reservoir. These elegant waders breed in Iceland and Northern Europe and no doubt had completed their breeding cycle.

Although there are reports that butterfly numbers are down this year I have recorded some good species on the meadow that I help to manage. These have included Marbled White, Brown Argus and Essex Skipper. My most recent Butterfly Conservation survey was on August 3^rd when I recorded 106 butterflies of 16 species. While in the midst of this count an Osprey circled high over the reservoir and drifted off west.

My final highlight of this period was on the evening of August 8^th. From the house I noticed two dark gull shaped birds approaching from the North East. Their flight had me grabbing my camera as they flew directly over the house. It was all over in 30 seconds, but at least I had some photographs of two Arctic Skuas, before they vanished to the South West. This declining species is a rare vagrant to the county. This sighting was also another hint that birds are responding to the ever changing seasons.

Andy Smith 10/08/2021

May showers followed by Scorching June.

Mid May was marked by showers and sometimes cool conditions more typical of April. This no doubt delayed the breeding progress of some bird species. On May 9^th three Shelduck and three Common Sandpipers were present. Yellow Wagtail and Hobby were also recorded.

A brood of three Great Crested Grebes were hitching a lift on mum on the 11^th and a pair of Mandarin were at the Top End on May 14^th. My first Spotted Flycatchers of the year were in Thornton Wood on May 16^th and seemed to be investigating a possible nest site.  Garden Warbler, Chiffchaff and Treecreeper were also seen in this area.

A local area of Phragmites had a singing Reed Warbler on May 26^th and hopefully they will again breed. The surprise on this date was a female Wheatear that briefly perched up in my garden. This is a species that frequents uplands and was a nice addition to the garden list.

As May closed other sightings included Osprey, Red Kite, Hobby, Common Tern, and Gadwall.

Hot and sunny weather has marked the beginning of June. Red Kite are being seen almost daily and this demonstrates the population increase of this species. Two Hobby have also been hunting dragonflies over the reservoir and hopefully are breeding locally.

On June 3^rd a group of three Little Egret and two Herons were feeding in the outflow. Also on this date a juvenile Kingfisher was evidence of local breeding success.

The garden pond has also proved successful with two Southern Marsh Orchids and a visit from a Four Spotted Chaser Dragonfly. Other insects of the order Odonata have included Red Eyed, Large Red, Blue Tailed and Common Blue Damselflies and Broad Bodied Chaser.

Butterflies recorded recently have included Brimstone, Orange Tip, Green Veined White, Speckled Wood, Common Blue and Small Heath.

As I write this edition breeding success on the reservoir includes at least four broods of Great Crested Grebes, with approximately thirteen chicks between them. There are also three broods of Greylag geese, a species that has only recently started to breed on the reservoir.

With the breeding season now in full swing it is vital to avoid disturbing areas where birds may be nesting. Save any large scale tree or hedge cutting for the autumn. Also by saying No to the Mow on some patches of the lawn you will be amazed by what plants appear and the insects they attract.

Andy Smith 09/06/2021

Spring frosts welcome Summer visitors (by resident Andy Smith)

Mid-April was marked by a cold northerly air flow bringing sunny days but night time frosts. On April 13^th a Redwing was delaying its journey north and my first Orange Tip butterfly was braving the cool air. A pair of Red Legged Partridge were feeding on the plough and four Gadwall were at the Top End.

On the 16^th a single male Yellow Wagtail was on the dam and both Sparrowhawk and Peregrine were noted. Summer visitors and passage species started to arrive on April 23^rd. My first Whitethroat and a single Common Tern were recorded on this date, and the following day a Whimbrel flew east.

On the 25^th there were three Common Sandpipers and two Little Ringed Plovers on the dam. On April 27^th a Hobby was hunting hirundines over the reservoir and a Tawny Owl was being mobbed at the Markfield Inflow.

On the 28^th a single Arctic Tern briefly graced the reservoir, before continuing its journey to the North East. Also on this date my first Swift of the year was dashing over the dam and three Yellow Wagtails were in the sheep fields.

On April 29^th a Lesser Whitethroat was heard and seen near Retreat Farm and Yellow Wagtail numbers had increased to six. On the last day of April a Sedge Warbler was a good find by DW.

May commenced with cold but sunny conditions. Bird song was filling Thornton Wood and it was nice to find a Garden Warbler blasting out its fluty tune.  A beautiful perfect May morning on the 2^nd was enhanced by both Cuckoo and Grasshopper Warbler singing and showing well at Browns Wood.

On the 3^rd a party of four Fieldfare were lingering rather than heading North West, perhaps some avian intuition warning them that snow was on its way. A Red Kite and two Little Ringed Plovers were also seen.

On May 5^th a pair of Mandarin were at the Markfield Inflow and hopefully are nesting locally. On the following day a Jay was watched raiding a Mistle Thrush nest in Thornton Wood. The robbery took place high in the canopy, with the Mistle Thrush eventually chasing off the Jay. Hopefully a second clutch will be laid and both Jay and Mistle Thrush families will thrive.

Spotted Flycatchers have also been reported locally and I now await only Reed Warbler to complete our summer visitors.

Andy Smith 8/5/21

Spring Migrants brave the chill (by resident Andy Smith)

I noticed my first Frog spawn in the pond on March 11^th and three Chiffchaff added to the spring theme. A pair of Mandarin were off Wood bank on the 13^th and the male was still paired up with a female Mallard at the carpark.

The final Webs count took place on the 14^th. Totals included 83 Mallard, 74 Coot, 64 Tufted Duck, 21 Moorhen and 13 Great Crested Grebes. A Snipe was also flushed from the reservoir bank.

My first Sand Martins were over the reservoir on March 18^th and a pair of Shelduck were found by Dave the following day. A sunny day on the 21^st had both Brimstone and Peacock butterflies on the wing.

A superb summer plumaged Black necked Grebe made a one day appearance on the 23^rd and this marked the start of a purple patch. On the 25^th the cries of Lesser black backed Gulls caught my attention as they mobbed a male Osprey that was circling the reservoir. Eventually it gave up the idea of fishing and drifted off to the North.

March 28^th produced three new species for the year. Two Swallows appeared with the 90 Sand Martins and a Little Ringed Plover landed on the dam. The highlight was the two Sandwich Terns that flew in low and disappeared to the south. On the 30^th a female Marsh Harrier flew through and also headed south.

Early April has been unseasonably cold and the northerly winds have held up migrants. On the 1^st Oystercatcher and House Martin were noted and a White Wagtail was in the company of the Pied Wagtails along the dam.

One of the year’s highlights was on April 2^nd. A beautiful blue sky was being enjoyed despite the cold north easterly. At about 4pm I noticed a large bird very high and heading North West. I managed to take some photos and was amazed to identify it as a Common Crane. This is only the second time that I have seen this species in Leicestershire.

On April 6^th a smart male Redstart was feeding on flies along Stony Bank and he was still in residence on the 10^th. Other species seen recently have included Willow Warbler, Brambling and Common Sandpiper.

The weather is forecast to warm up over the coming days. Hopefully there are still treats in store as this year’s bird migration continues.

Andy Smith 11/04/2021

Hints of Spring (by resident Andy Smith)

February was marked by cold north easterlies, with occasional milder days. Signs of spring were evident when the weak sun emerged. The first frogs and butterflies briefly appeared, but were soon back sheltering as the cold returned.

Very cold temperatures of -5C were recorded on February 11^th. Wildfowl included 41 Pochard, 10 Gadwall, 15 Little Grebe and a single male Shoveler. The garden feeders were also attracting hungry birds with 10 Siskin and a single Lesser Redpoll visiting.

The highlight of the year so far was the discovery of a Firecrest in a Thornton garden. This tiny, gem of a bird resembles a Goldcrest, but is more richly coloured, with a distinctive white stripe above the eye. (See below for the story behind this wonderful ‘spot’ by resident Dave Wright)

The February Webs count took place on the 14^th. Totals included 255 Mallard, 71 Coot, 67 Tufted Duck, 29 Wigeon, 45 Pochard, 22 Moorhen, 16 Gadwall, 17 Teal and 2 Goldeneye.

On the 17^th a single female Pintail was a brief visitor and 55 Lapwing were on the dam. Scanning the hedges below the dam on February 20^th had its reward in the form of a first winter male Stonechat.

As February drew to a close the male Mandarin was regularly seen and had paired up with a female Mallard. We can only wonder what might result from this partnership! Mild weather encouraged more pond activity with Smooth Newts and frogs being seen.

A Great White Egret flew east on February 25^th and three Linnets were below the dam. Despite frosts, sunny and calm weather had a Tortoiseshell butterfly out on the 26^th and the following day a Pipistrelle bat was out feeding in daylight. No doubt hungry after its winter hibernation.

My first Chiffchaff of the year was on March 2^nd. It was busy feeding, but by the following day it was singing despite the cold and foggy conditions.

Early March has been calm and cool. Flocks of 160 Starling, 120 Redwing and 22 Meadow Pipit are feeding on the pasture, fuelling up for their migration. Signs of courtship are also in the air. Up to six Buzzards and three Ravens have been displaying.

As I write the calm weather has been replaced by wet, windy but milder conditions. As spring migration commences no doubt the reservoir and its surroundings will provide a safe refuge for many species as the seasons change.

Andy Smith 10/03/2021

Firecrest – Thornton village

We were out walking getting our daily dose of lockdown exercise when Julie said “Whilst I was doing my yoga this morning, I saw a tiny bird in the Christmas Tree on the patio, so I took a picture of it on my mobile”. It being minus temperatures with a wicked wind chill factor we decided to postpone looking at the picture there and then and keep hands in pockets, but as often happens events overtook and it was the next afternoon before we remembered to look at the image. I was expecting it to be a Goldcrest to be honest, so imagine my surprise when I zoomed in on the bird; it was clearly a ‘crest, but sporting a black eye stripe boldly edged above with white! ” Well, blow me, it’s a Firecrest” I said, or words to that effect!! My surprise was obvious; such a scarce species and in the garden too, but that was tinged with a little horror, because I’d probably missed it now, not helped of course by not looking at the photo for 24 hours! ….I vowed to watch the garden closely the next day.

Sunday morning and I settled in for what might be a long vigil, with camera poised at the ready. I have to say, I had nearly given up any hope of the bird reappearing, when at 12:25 it was suddenly back in the same “tree”, busily feeding. I say “tree” in inverted commas because this was the house Christmas tree that had gone outside, still in its pot, after Christmas was over and was all of 5ft tall. The bird stayed for a few moments, and then was off, allowing a few hurried photographs.

Around 3pm we saw the bird again, this time commuting between a large holly tree in the garden and the Christmas tree, where it seemed to be finding lots of food. We did wonder whether because the tree had been inside in the warm for a few weeks, it had caused a hatching of some microscopic insects which the bird was finding. This time I managed a couple of better images.

After this day, despite my regular watching it wasn’t seen again. I did think this was a ‘first’ for Thornton but in checking the Leicestershire Ornithological Society records, there’s one previous accepted record for Thornton Res in January 2002.

The moral of the story; expect the unexpected (and up-cycle your old Christmas tree!).

Dave Wright

Snow and Ice (By resident Andy Smith)

Early January was marked by very wet and mild conditions. The Reservoir was brim full and the inflow streams were regularly over bank full. My first Woodcock of the year was flushed at Brown’s Wood on the 12^th and seven Song Thrush were feeding in flooded fields on the 14^th.

A Peregrine flew north on the 16^th and a flock of 18 Linnet were feeding on the stubble. The January Webs count took place on the 17^th. Totals included 136 Mallard, 117 Coot, 64 Tufted Duck and an impressive 27 Moorhen. Also on this date a pair of Sparrowhawks were displaying and Lesser Redpoll and Tawny Owl were added to the year list.

Twenty Gadwall on the 19^th was a good site total and two pairs of Shoveler were present on the 21^st. Despite an early frost sunny and calm conditions had a very early Red Admiral on the wing on the 22^nd. This early taste of spring was short lived as a good covering of snow arrived on the 24^th. This resulted in a movement of wildfowl on the 25th. Three White-fronted Geese were the highlight, and 27 Pochard, 18 Teal and 22 Wigeon were also noted.

Milder weather at the end of January encouraged a thaw with several signs of lengthening days. On the 29^th Great Spotted Woodpeckers were drumming in the Church yard, Song thrush were singing and the first frogs were braving the pond. Other sightings at this time included Meadow Pipit, Skylark, Little Egret and Kingfisher.

February commenced with mild weather. On the 2^nd 35 Pochard were scattered along Wood Bank and a single female Goosander was resting on the dam. The following day and a smart male Mandarin was seen by Gill and Martin. Also on the 3^rd a Buzzard was feasting on a dead goose in the fields below the dam.

On February 7^th a Red Kite drifted over the house, already my fourth sighting of the year and clear evidence that this species is increasing locally. Also on this date high pressure over Scandinavia had slipped south west bringing an Arctic blast to the UK. 

As I write icy conditions are forecast, with night time temperatures dropping to -5C. With the ground and water bodies frozen bird species are under stress. Many will be forced to move west or stay to tough it out. By providing food and especially water you can help them make it through.

Andy Smith 10/02/2021

Mid-Winter Sightings (by resident Andy Smith)

Large numbers of Canada and Greylag Geese have been using the reservoir, so it was very pleasing to find a new species for the site in their company. This was on December 12^th in the form of a Russian White-fronted Goose. There has been an influx of this species this winter and it is the first record for Thornton.

The December Webs count took place on the 13^th. Totals included 165 Mallard, 84 Coot, 66 Tufted Duck, 10 Teal, and 9 Gadwall. On the 15^th I recorded some good flocks of various species at the Top End. This included 100+ Chaffinch, 300 Redwing, 30 Linnet, 30 Siskin and 10 Lesser Redpoll. Also on this date two Red Legged Partridge and a Kingfisher were seen.

Mild weather on the 19^th had a male and female Blackcap feeding near the Church and a flock of 53 Lapwing on the dam.

As 2020 drew to a close other sightings included Peregrine, Goldeneye and a male Goosander.

My final Thornton species list for 2020 ended on 120.

Highlights were four new site species. This included Ring-necked Duck, Shag, White- fronted Goose and of course the magnificent Bearded Vulture. Other treats included Long- tailed Duck, Rock Pipit, and Whimbrel. Six Marsh Harrier sightings was also a record.

The New Year was marked by cold and frosty conditions. A respectable total of 55 species on January 1st included a skein of 200+ Pink-footed geese moving west. A second smaller skein of 32 Pinkfeets was seen on January 2^nd. The White – front was also recorded on Jan. 1^st but not since.

Pochard numbers have also been increasing with a maximum of 30 on Jan 7^th. Other highlights of early January have included Goldeneye, Goosander, Water Rail, Little Egret and Red Kite.

With a national ‘lockdown’ once again in force we are all restricted. Providing food and water for birds will be rewarded with some great sightings from home. Apples cut in half and stuck on shrubs will attract Redwing and Fieldfare. Feeders can also draw in Siskins, Redpoll and Brambling.

If we need to escape further there is also the night sky, of which I know almost nothing. Fortunately my son gave me a guide for Christmas that will help. The Collins 2021 Guide to the Night Sky, Dunlop and Tirion (Royal Observatory Greenwich, £6.99) Why not wrap up warm, and with a pair of binoculars, escape the ‘lockdown’ to a distant Constellation.

Andy Smith 10/01/2021